{"id":1185,"date":"2010-06-14T19:44:28","date_gmt":"2010-06-14T17:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/economie-htm-4\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:24:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:24:53","slug":"economie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/chili\/economie\/","title":{"rendered":"ECONOMIE – CHILI"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\"Le Chili<\/span> poss\u00e8de une \u00e9conomie ayant comme principal support les mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, mais c’est le cuivre qui est le poids lourd de son secteur primaire. Le pays est premier producteur et exportateur mondial de ce m\u00e9tal exploit\u00e9 par la Sonami, f\u00e9d\u00e9ration repr\u00e9sentant le secteur prive, ainsi que par CODELCO, la Corporation Nationale du Cuivre. Le Chili est \u00e9galement premier producteur d’iode, de lithium, de rh\u00e9nium et fournit la totalit\u00e9 des nitrates naturels mondiaux. Mais c’est \u00e9galement un gros producteur de molybd\u00e8ne et d’argent, et il extrait aussi de l’or. Par ailleurs ses ressources foresti\u00e8res sont immenses lui permettant une grosse production de bois et de cellulose. Il d\u00e9veloppe la culture du bl\u00e9, du mais, de l’avoine, des fruits des l\u00e9gumes, et produit du vin. L’\u00e9levage du b\u0153uf pour le lait et la viande, du porc, des volailles, ainsi que la p\u00eache sur son tr\u00e8s long littoral et l’aquaculture du saumon compl\u00e8tent son activit\u00e9 agricole. <\/div>\n
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Sur le plan \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique le Chili est tr\u00e8s fortement d\u00e9pendant de l’ext\u00e9rieur. Malgr\u00e9 son hydro\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, il importe 75 % de ses besoins sous forme de p\u00e9trole, de gaz liqu\u00e9fi\u00e9 et de charbon. Grace \u00e0 ses atouts naturels importants le pays veut parvenir sous peu \u00e0 assurer 20 % de sa consommation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique gr\u00e2ce aux \u00e9nergies renouvelables qui n’en repr\u00e9sentent aujourd’hui que 3 %. <\/div>\n
Repr\u00e9sentant 33,6 % du PIB l’industrie chilienne est peu d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e et concentr\u00e9e sur la transformation des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res et l’agroalimentaire. Les entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res sont nombreuses compte tenu de l’ouverture du pays, mais celui-ci compte des groupes nationaux majeurs comme Arauco dans la production de la cellulose et l’ENAP dans l’approvisionnement de p\u00e9trole. Par ailleurs l’agroalimentaire, l’industrie des m\u00e9taux et la construction sont tr\u00e8s dynamiques. L’ensemble ayant cependant fortement besoin de technologies \u00e9trang\u00e8res.<\/div>\n
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Les communications, internet, et les secteurs utilisant le web qui poss\u00e8de un taux de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration de pr\u00e8s de 50 % connaissent un grand essor. Ils positionnent le Chili \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re place en Am\u00e9rique Latine dans ce domaine. Les assurances et les fonds de pension se sont greff\u00e9s et tr\u00e8s rapidement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s avec une croissance souvent \u00e0 deux chiffres sur un r\u00e9seau bancaire solide et stable. Le secteur bancaire est essentiellement priv\u00e9 mais compte aussi la grande banque publique Banco del Estado. Les services de transport ont connu un tr\u00e8s fort d\u00e9veloppement vu la structure g\u00e9ographique du pays. L’ensemble du secteur des services repr\u00e9sente 53,2 % du PIB en 2012.<\/div>\n
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Historiquement tr\u00e8s ouvert \u00e0 l’international, le Chili a sign\u00e9 de nombreux accords de libre \u00e9change avec 56 pays dont l’un avec l’Union Europ\u00e9enne en 2003. Ses principaux clients sont la Chine, les USA et le Japon.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Chili poss\u00e8de une \u00e9conomie ayant comme principal support les mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, mais c’est le cuivre qui est le poids […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":68,"parent":2293,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1185","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nECONOMIE - CHILI - Abc-latina<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'\u00e9conomie du Chili. 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