{"id":1261,"date":"2010-06-15T01:41:45","date_gmt":"2010-06-14T23:41:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/mariachi-htm\/"},"modified":"2018-06-10T19:09:43","modified_gmt":"2018-06-10T17:09:43","slug":"mariachi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/mexique\/mariachi\/","title":{"rendered":"MARIACHI"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignright size-full wp-image-1260\" src=\"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/mariachi.jpg\" title=\"MARIACHI\" alt=\"Les MARIACHIS\" width=\"220\" vspace=\"9\" hspace=\"15\" height=\"220\" align=\"right\" srcset=\"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/mariachi.jpg 220w, https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/mariachi-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/>Le terme <span class=\"tourisme-chapitre\">mariachi<\/span> d\u00e9signe tout \u00e0 la fois un type de formation musicale originaire du Mexique, le style de musique associ\u00e9, et une culture musicale proche de ces deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments. Un groupe de Mariachis est constitu\u00e9 au moins de deux violons, deux trompettes, un joueur de guitare espagnole, un vihuela et d&rsquo;un guitarron. Certaines formations comportent plusieurs dizaines de musiciens.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"geo-info\">Origines du mariachi<\/span><\/div>\n<div>Le mot mariachi a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 rapproch\u00e9 du mot fran\u00e7ais &laquo; mariage &raquo; car cette musique accompagne bien souvent les c\u00e9r\u00e9monies et f\u00eates de mariage mexicaines, mais cette origine est plus que douteuse. La premi\u00e8re apparition du mot comme r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la musique remonte \u00e0 1852, environ dix ans avant la premi\u00e8re intervention fran\u00e7aise en 1861. Une autre possibilit\u00e9 serait que le mot provienne de la langue des Indiens Coca du XVIe si\u00e8cle. Il se r\u00e9f\u00e9rait alors \u00e0 une plateforme de bois de Pilla ou Cirimo sur laquelle les musiciens jouaient ensemble. On a d&rsquo;ailleurs par la suite dit que les instruments de mariachi \u00e9taient faits de ces essences, ce qui est loin d&rsquo;\u00eatre vrai \u00e9galement.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>La musique mariachi telle qu&rsquo;on la conna\u00eet aujourd&rsquo;hui trouve ses origines dans la r\u00e9gion mexicaine de Jalisco, voire selon certaines l\u00e9gendes populaires dans la ville de Cocula, au XIXe si\u00e8cle. Les formations mariachis \u00e9taient proches des orchestres de th\u00e9\u00e2tre espagnols, constitu\u00e9s de violons, harpe et guitares. \u00c0 la fin du XIXe, le vihuela, les deux violons et la guitarron (rempla\u00e7ant la harpe), constituaient le quatuor de base des groupes de mariachis.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"geo-info\">D\u00e9veloppement de la musique mariachi<\/span><\/div>\n<div>Les sonorit\u00e9s mariachis, appel\u00e9es son, sont un m\u00e9lange de musiques traditionnelles espagnole, africaine et locale : elles diff\u00e8rent d&rsquo;une r\u00e9gion \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre. Le son jalisciense de Jalisco a \u00e9t\u00e9 popularis\u00e9 par le morceau La Negra. Le son jarocho ou son veracruzano introduit souvent la harpe \u00e0 la place du guitarron en tant que premier instrument de basse, comme le montre le morceau La Bamba. Le son huasteco ou huapango du Nord du Mexique inclus souvent une fl\u00fbte, comme dans La Malague\u00f1a et Serenata Huasteca.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Au XIXe si\u00e8cle, bien des mariachis \u00e9taient des paysans itin\u00e9rants qui allaient d&rsquo;hacienda en hacienda. Avec la r\u00e9volution, cependant, beaucoup d&rsquo;entre eux furent forc\u00e9s d&rsquo;abandonner leur gagne-pain musical, mais continu\u00e8rent parfois \u00e0 chanter pour la cause r\u00e9volutionnaire, tout en jouant le r\u00f4le de porteur de nouvelles. C&rsquo;est \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque que les mariachis commenc\u00e8rent \u00e0 jouer dans la rue, sur des avenues populaires telle que San Pedro Tlaquepaque dans l&rsquo;\u00c9tat de Jalisco.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Depuis ses d\u00e9buts, la musique mariachi a \u00e9t\u00e9 une musique de danse. Chaque variante de mariachi am\u00e8ne \u00e0 une variante de danse traditionnelle ; celle associ\u00e9e au son jalisciense et au son jarocho se nomme zapataedo et provient d&rsquo;Espagne.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>La tradition mariachi s&rsquo;est propag\u00e9e \u00e0 travers le Mexique puis dans les pays limitrophes, en particulier en <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc-latina.com\/colombie\/\">Colombie<\/a>. De nos jours, c&rsquo;est une musique internationalement connue, port\u00e9e par les \u00e9migrants mexicains, mais \u00e0 la visibilit\u00e9 moyenne dans le paysage musical mondial moderne.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Source Wikip\u00e9dia<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le terme mariachi d\u00e9signe tout \u00e0 la fois un type de formation musicale originaire du Mexique, le style de musique [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1260,"parent":2308,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1261","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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