{"id":1424,"date":"2010-07-17T02:29:25","date_gmt":"2010-07-17T00:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/economie-htm-13\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:25:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:25:10","slug":"economie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/nicaragua\/economie\/","title":{"rendered":"ECONOMIE – NICARAGUA"},"content":{"rendered":"
Le Nicaragua, avec le Honduras, fut un des pays les plus touch\u00e9s par l’ouragan Mitch \u00e0 la fin du mois d’octobre 1998. Avant les inondations provoqu\u00e9es par l’ouragan, il y eut la s\u00e9cheresse du \u00e0 l’effet climatique del Ni\u00f1o en 1997. En plus des dommages personnels et des infrastructures, la catastrophe a d\u00e9truit les r\u00e9coltes ce qui est d\u00e9sastreux pour un pays comme le Nicaragua dont la principale activit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique est l’agriculture. Le pays fut en manque d’aliments et le d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre de son commerce ext\u00e9rieur interrompit son processus de r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration \u00e9conomique et provoqua un inflation importante. Les principaux produits agricoles sont le ma\u00efs, le sorgho et les haricots. En plus le Nicaragua exporte du coton, du caf\u00e9, du sucre, des bananes et de la viande. L’agriculture emploie les deux cinqui\u00e8mes de la population mais repr\u00e9sente un quart du Produit Int\u00e9rieur Brut du pays. Bien que les principaux secteurs industriels furent nationalis\u00e9s apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution de 1979, ils furent de nouveau privatis\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de 1990, sous la Pr\u00e9sidence de Violeta Chamorro. D\u00e8s son arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir, les Etats-Unis retir\u00e8rent les sanctions \u00e9conomiques qui \u00e9taient impos\u00e9es au r\u00e9gime sandiniste, et en plus le Nicaragua obtint des aides financi\u00e8res du FMI \u00e0 condition d’adopter un programme de r\u00e9ajustement \u00e9conomique. L’industrie nicaraguayenne est bas\u00e9e sur la transformation de mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, comme le sucre raffin\u00e9, les produits d\u00e9riv\u00e9s du p\u00e9trole, les produits chimiques, cigarettes et cigares, articles en peau, textiles, ciments et plastiques. Les plus grosses richesses de sa petite industrie mini\u00e8re sont l’or, le cuivre et l’argent. En plus des produits agricoles d\u00e9j\u00e0 cit\u00e9s, le Nicaragua exporte de l’or et des textiles. En contrepartie, il importe des min\u00e9raux, combustibles, produits pour son industrie et des biens d’\u00e9quipements pour le transport. Ses principaux partenaires commerciaux sont les Etats-Unis (30,2% de ses importations et 41,9% de ses exportations), Mexique, Espagne, Le Salvador, Chili, Canada, Allemagne, Taiwan et Japon. Le Nicaragua est membre du March\u00e9 commun d’Am\u00e9rique Centrale, de la Banque Interam\u00e9ricaine de D\u00e9veloppement et vient de signer un trait\u00e9 de libre commerce avec le Chili. <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
INDICATEURS ECONOMIQUES<\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
PIB (2007) : 5,675 Mds USD <\/div>\n
PIB par habitant (2007) : 3,200 USD <\/div>\n
Taux de croissance (2007) : 2,9% (3,7% en 2006) <\/div>\n
Taux de ch\u00f4mage (2007) : 5,6% <\/div>\n
Taux d’inflation (2007) : 9,8 % <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Part des principaux secteurs d’activit\u00e9s dans le PIB :<\/span> <\/div>\n
– secteur agricole : 18,3 % <\/div>\n
– secteur industriel et minier : 26,6 % <\/div>\n
– secteur des services : 55,1 % <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Principaux clients 2007 :<\/span> <\/div>\n
Etats-Unis, Salvador, Honduras. <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Principaux fournisseurs 2007 :<\/span> <\/div>\n
Etats-Unis, Venezuela, Costa Rica. <\/div>\n
Transferts des expatri\u00e9s (2007) : <\/div>\n
600 MUSD, soit 12% du PIB <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
DIVERS <\/span><\/div>\n
T\u00e9l\u00e9phoner au Nicaragua<\/div>\n
R\u00e9servez votre billet d’avion pour le Nicaragua<\/div>\n
R\u00e9servez votre voiture <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Nicaragua, avec le Honduras, fut un des pays les plus touch\u00e9s par l’ouragan Mitch \u00e0 la fin du mois […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":2310,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1424","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nECONOMIE - 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