{"id":1477,"date":"2010-07-19T18:19:20","date_gmt":"2010-07-19T16:19:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/geo-htm-17\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:25:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:25:34","slug":"geo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/?page_id=1477","title":{"rendered":"GEOGRAPHIE – VENEZUELA"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"GEOGRAPHIE<\/a>Le territoire v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lien s’\u00e9tend sur 912.050 km². On divise g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le Venezuela<\/span> en 4 r\u00e9gions g\u00e9ographiques distinctes : le littoral, la r\u00e9gion montagneuse, les llanos et les plateaux de la Guyane v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne. <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Le littoral donne \u00e0 l’Est sur l’oc\u00e9an Atlantique. Cette partie de la c\u00f4te est marqu\u00e9e par le golfe de Paria et surtout par le delta de l’Or\u00e9noque, o\u00f9 se jettent la majeure partie des eaux du territoire v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lien. Au nord, la c\u00f4te longe la mer des Cara\u00efbes et pr\u00e9sente un caract\u00e8re rocheux, et s’y cachent plusieurs belles plages de sable blanc. C’est sur cette c\u00f4te, plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment sur la p\u00e9ninsule d’Araya, que Christophe Colomb<\/a> d\u00e9couvrit le Venezuela en 1498, lors de son troisi\u00e8me voyage en Am\u00e9rique. Plus \u00e0 l’ouest, la c\u00f4te se prolonge jusqu’au golfe du Venezuela et \u00e0 l’immense mer int\u00e9rieure qu’est le lac Maracaibo. Au large, tout le long de ces c\u00f4tes, baignent de nombreuses \u00eeles, dont plusieurs sont habit\u00e9es.<\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
La r\u00e9gion montagneuse offre des paysages spectaculaires et de belles occasions pour la randonn\u00e9e p\u00e9destre. Elle s\u00e9pare les Llanos, ces vastes plaines de l’int\u00e9rieur, du littoral et de la r\u00e9gion du lac de Macaibo. La r\u00e9gion montagneuse est d’abord compos\u00e9e de la cordill\u00e8re de M\u00e9rida, un impressionnant prolongement des Andes qui s’ach\u00e8ve avec le plateau de Barquisimeto. Elle se poursuit par la suite avec la cordill\u00e8re Cara\u00efbe, dont les cr\u00eates surplombent une partie du littoral. Le plus haut sommet de la cordill\u00e8re de Merida et du Venezuela, le mont Bol\u00edvar, s’\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 plus de 5.000m.<\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Les Llanos forment de grandes plaines s’\u00e9tendant sur plus du tiers de la superficie du pays, depuis les paysages montagneux du Nord-Est jusqu’\u00e0 la rive gauche de l’Or\u00e9noque, o\u00f9 commence l’immense Guyane v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne. Les terres des Llanos sont irrigu\u00e9es par les affluents du fleuve et servent surtout de lieux de p\u00e2turage aux bovins, aux porcs et aux chevaux. On y exploite \u00e9galement d’importantes mines de fer dans les r\u00e9gions du Cerro Bol\u00edvar et d’El Pao. <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
La Guyane v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne est la plus vaste r\u00e9gion g\u00e9ographique du Venezuela. Tr\u00e8s isol\u00e9e du reste du pays et fort peu peupl\u00e9e, elle s’\u00e9tend sur toute la partie m\u00e9ridionale du Venezuela, depuis la rive sud-est de l’Or\u00e9noque jusqu’\u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re du Br\u00e9sil<\/a>. Ses paysages sont form\u00e9s de plateaux et de montagnes qui n’atteignent rarement plus de 1000m de haut. Sauf dans la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 l’extr\u00eame sud, o\u00f9 s’ouvrent des paysages de savanes, la Guyane v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne est presque compl\u00e8tement recouverte d’une riche for\u00eat tropicale. Le gouvernement v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lien commence \u00e0 peine \u00e0 mettre en valeur les richesses naturelles de ce territoire, o\u00f9 plusieurs tribus am\u00e9rindiennes vivent depuis fort longtemps. On y retrouve par ailleurs la plus haute cascade du monde: Salto del \u00c1ngel.<\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Infos g\u00e9n\u00e9rales<\/span><\/div>\n
Capitale:<\/span> Caracas <\/div>\n
Superficie:<\/span> 912.050 km²<\/div>\n
1,5 fois la France<\/div>\n
22 fois la Suisse<\/div>\n
30 fois la Belgique<\/div>\n
mais 11 fois plus petit que le Canada. <\/div>\n
Population:<\/span> 28,9 millions <\/div>\n
Urbaine \u00e0 86 %<\/div>\n
Rurale \u00e0 14 %<\/div>\n
Densit\u00e9 31,7 hab\/km² <\/div>\n
Indice de f\u00e9condit\u00e9: 3 enfants\/femme<\/div>\n
Esp\u00e9rance de vie: 76 \/ 70 ans<\/div>\n
Taux d’alphab\u00e9tisation: 91 %<\/div>\n
Langue:<\/span> Espagnol<\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n

La population v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lienne<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le territoire v\u00e9n\u00e9zu\u00e9lien s’\u00e9tend sur 912.050 km². On divise g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le Venezuela en 4 r\u00e9gions g\u00e9ographiques distinctes : le littoral, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1107,"parent":2320,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1477","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nGEOGRAPHIE - 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