{"id":1978,"date":"2010-08-03T03:19:12","date_gmt":"2010-08-03T01:19:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/olmeque-htm\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:24:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:24:56","slug":"olmeque","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/civilisations\/olmeque\/","title":{"rendered":"Les OLMEQUES"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignright size-full wp-image-1976\" style=\"margin: 5px 22px; float: right;\" src=\"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/08\/olmeque.jpg\" title=\"OLMEQUE\" alt=\"OLMEQUE\" width=\"200\" height=\"194\" \/>Les <span class=\"tourisme-chapitre\">Olm\u00e8ques<\/span> constituent une \u00e9nigme : on ignore jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 leur nom v\u00e9ritable. Celui que nous connaissons leur a \u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9 par les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc-latina.com\/civilisations\/azteque\">Azt\u00e8ques<\/a> et signifie \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s &quot; hommes caoutchouc&quot;, vraisemblablement parce qu&rsquo;ils ont invent\u00e9 le jeu de pelote avec une balle de latex (jeu qui fut populaire dans toutes les tribus indiennes). Les Olm\u00e8ques v\u00e9n\u00e9raient le Jaguar qu&rsquo;ils consid\u00e9raient comme leur anc\u00eatre.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Leur apog\u00e9e se situe entre 1200 et 800 av. J &#8211; C dans quelques grands centres du golfe du Mexique comme San Lorenzo et La Venta qui fut leur capitale. Ils cultivaient une terre enrichie par les alluvions des grands fleuves dans les for\u00eats tropicales du Sud, pays du caoutchouc et du cacao.&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>Cette civilisation, qui fut la premi\u00e8re \u00e0 travailler le jade et \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une sculpture colossale, nous \u00e9merveille par la force et la sobri\u00e9t\u00e9 de son expression artistique<\/div>\n<div>On sait avec certitude que ces Olm\u00e8ques, \u00e0 qui on attribue en secret Teotihuacan et Cholula, ont influenc\u00e9 toutes les civilisations mexicaines qui leur succ\u00e9d\u00e8rent, de l&rsquo;architecture \u00e0 la religion. Pour le reste : myst\u00e8re. Leur brusque disparition vers 200 avant J.-C. est une \u00e9nigme.<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center; \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1977\" src=\"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/08\/chrono_olmeque.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"510\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/08\/chrono_olmeque.jpg 510w, https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/08\/chrono_olmeque-300x56.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 510px) 100vw, 510px\" \/><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les Olm\u00e8ques constituent une \u00e9nigme : on ignore jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 leur nom v\u00e9ritable. Celui que nous connaissons leur a \u00e9t\u00e9 donn\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1976,"parent":1971,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1978","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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