{"id":2600,"date":"2010-12-08T03:36:56","date_gmt":"2010-12-08T02:36:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/manuel_marulanda-htm\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:25:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T16:25:22","slug":"manuel_marulanda","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/personnalites\/manuel_marulanda\/","title":{"rendered":"MANUEL MARULANDA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><span style=\"color: rgb(255, 102, 0); \"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignright size-full wp-image-2599\" src=\"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/manuel-marulanda.jpg\" title=\"MANUEL MARULANDA\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" vspace=\"9\" hspace=\"15\" height=\"220\" align=\"right\" srcset=\"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/manuel-marulanda.jpg 220w, https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/manuel-marulanda-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(255, 102, 0); \"><strong>Manuel Marulanda V\u00e9lez<\/strong><\/span>, n\u00e9 le 12 mai 1930, est le nom de guerre de Pedro Antonio Marin souvent surnomm\u00e9 Tirofijo (&quot;Tir pr\u00e9cis&quot;), chef et fondateur du groupe gu\u00e9rill\u00e9ro colombien des <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc-latina.com\/colombie\/farc.php\">FARC, Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia<\/a>. Il est le plus ancien leader d&rsquo;un groupe r\u00e9volutionnaire encore actif.<\/p>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>C&rsquo;est aux d\u00e9buts des ann\u00e9es 1950 qu&rsquo;il fonde une milice paysanne d&rsquo;autod\u00e9fense. La <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc-latina.com\/colombie\/\"><strong>Colombie<\/strong><\/a>est alors la proie \u00e0 la Violencia, une guerre civile sanglante d&rsquo;une grande sauvagerie qui \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1940, d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1950 voit des pers\u00e9cutions paysannes par une police inf\u00e9od\u00e9e au Parti conservateur. La Colombie vit alors dans l&rsquo;anarchie. En campagne, se cr\u00e9ent de nombreuses milices d&rsquo;auto-d\u00e9fense dont beaucoup se livrent au banditisme. Influenc\u00e9 par le marxisme-l\u00e9ninisme et par la r\u00e9volution cubaine, le jeune agriculteur transforme sa milice en 1964 alors avec une cinquantaine d&rsquo;autres paysans et leurs familles, en Forces arm\u00e9es r\u00e9volutionnaires de Colombie, les FARC. Vivant dans la clandestinit\u00e9 depuis plus de 40 ans dans la jungle colombienne, on pense qu&rsquo;il ne s&rsquo;est jamais rendu dans une ville depuis plus de 30 ans et qu&rsquo;il ne s&rsquo;est jamais rendu \u00e0 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc-latina.com\/colombie\/bogota\">Bogota<\/a>. Il n&rsquo;a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 bien que tous les <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc-latina.com\/colombie\/div\/presidents_colombiens\">pr\u00e9sidents<\/a> successifs de Colombie aient promis de le faire. Il est par ailleurs le responsable du kidnapping d&rsquo;<a href=\"ingrid_betancourt\">Ingrid Betancourt<\/a> depuis 2002, ainsi que l&rsquo;enlevement et de la s\u00e9questration de plusieurs milliers de personnes (militaires, politiciens et civils).<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div>En 40 ans, il a cr\u00e9\u00e9 une v\u00e9ritable organisation de pr\u00e8s de 9 000 soldats. Sa mort a \u00e9t\u00e9 annonc\u00e9e le 24 mai 2008 par l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e colombienne et confirm\u00e9 par les FARC le 25 mai. Il serait mort le 26 mars 2008 de cause naturelle, \u00e0 la suite d&rsquo;un infarctus<\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"tsource\">Source: Wikipedia<\/span><\/div>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"person\">REPERES<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"person-date\">1930<\/span> &#8211; Naissance de Manuel Marulanda<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"person-date\">1964<\/span> &#8211; Il fonde les FARC<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"person-date\">2008 <\/span>&#8211; Il meurt d&rsquo;un infactus<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Manuel Marulanda V\u00e9lez, n\u00e9 le 12 mai 1930, est le nom de guerre de Pedro Antonio Marin souvent surnomm\u00e9 Tirofijo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2599,"parent":2633,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2600","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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