{"id":314,"date":"2010-06-04T18:53:20","date_gmt":"2010-06-04T16:53:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/abc-latina.com\/chichen_itza-htm\/"},"modified":"2018-06-11T08:12:57","modified_gmt":"2018-06-11T06:12:57","slug":"chichen_itza","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/abc-latina.com\/mexique\/chichen_itza\/","title":{"rendered":"CHICHEN ITZA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"CHICHEN<\/p>\n

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Les ruines de Chich\u00e9n ltz\u00e1<\/span> illustrent la gloire et la majest\u00e9 de l’une des plus imposantes cit\u00e9s construites par les Mayas<\/a>. Ces ruines sont aussi empreintes des influences attribuables aux Tolt\u00e8ques<\/a>, venus de la partie centrale du Mexique. Le site pr\u00e9sente un ensemble de pyramides, de temples et de terrasses remarquablement bien conserv\u00e9s. Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1 connut une grande croissance entre les VIIe et IXe si\u00e8cles ap. J.-C., mais fut abandonn\u00e9e peu apr\u00e8s. La cit\u00e9 se repeupla au XIIe si\u00e8cle, au moment o\u00f9 des Tolt\u00e8ques du centre du Mexique envahirent le Yucat\u00e1n et se mirent \u00e0 m\u00ealer leur culture \u00e0 celle des Mayas. <\/div>\n
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Des dieux et des guerriers des deux cultures sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s dans des sculptures en pierre qui restent visibles \u00e0 ce jour. La cit\u00e9 fut abandonn\u00e9e de nouveau au XIVe si\u00e8cle, mais sans toutefois perdre son statut de haut lieu de p\u00e8lerinage.<\/div>\n
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Un petit mus\u00e9e, \u00e0 l’entr\u00e9e principale, pr\u00e9sente des sculptures, des bas-reliefs et des vitrines sur l’histoire maya.L’un des premiers \u00e9difices que vous verrez en p\u00e9n\u00e9trant sur le site a nom El Castillo et fait 24 m de hauteur. Au sommet, vous jouirez d’excellents points de vue sur tout le site. Cette pyramide fut \u00e9rig\u00e9e au VIIIe si\u00e8cle, bien avant l’arriv\u00e9e des Tolt\u00e8ques, mais elle fut modifi\u00e9e par la suite pour incorporer des th\u00e8mes tolt\u00e8ques. Le temple, au sommet, est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 Kukulc\u00e1n, le serpent \u00e0 plumes qui fut l’un des dieux les plus importants de la culture tolt\u00e8que. <\/div>\n
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Des arch\u00e9ologues et num\u00e9rologues ont \u00e9mis l’hypoth\u00e8se que cette pyramide pouvait repr\u00e9senter le calendrier maya sculpt\u00e9 dans la pierre. Quatre escaliers orient\u00e9s en direction des points cardinaux comptent chacun 91 marches. En ajoutant la plateforme sup\u00e9rieure, nous obtenons un total de 365, soit une marche pour chaque jour du calendrier solaire.<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/a>A l’ouest d’El Castillo se trouve l’un des sept terrains de balle o\u00f9 l’on pratiquait un jeu \u00e0 caract\u00e8re religieux qui se terminait parfois par des sacrifices humains. Des sculptures se trouvant pr\u00e8s de cet endroit repr\u00e9sentent d’ailleurs des joueurs d\u00e9capit\u00e9s. Cette cour, longue de 135 m et large de 65 m, est ceintur\u00e9e de murailles en pierre et poss\u00e8de des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s acoustiques surprenantes, le son y portant assez loin.<\/div>\n
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Le temple de l’Homme barbu, ainsi nomm\u00e9 d’apr\u00e8s une image qui appara\u00eet sur l’un de ses murs, compte plusieurs colonnes sculpt\u00e9es et des bas-reliefs. Le temple des Jaguars, tout pr\u00e8s, r\u00e9v\u00e8le des colonnes et tableaux entour\u00e9s de sculptures repr\u00e9sentant des serpents et des jaguars. Au temple des Cr\u00e2nes, situ\u00e9 entre le temple des Jaguars et El Castillo, vous verrez une plate-forme en pierre affichant des rang\u00e9es de cr\u00e2nes humains et des aigles d\u00e9chirant des coeurs humains. Des images tout aussi horribles se pr\u00e9sentent sur une autre plate-forme voisine.<\/div>\n
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\"\"<\/a>Le Cenote sacr\u00e9 se pr\u00e9sente comme un puits naturel, assez large et profond, situ\u00e9 environ 300 m plus au nord et accessible par un sentier en terre battue. Des objets sacrificiels, allant des parures de jade aux restes humains, y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9s par des plongeurs.<\/div>\n
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De retour au site principal, vous verrez la plateforme de V\u00e9nus, symbolis\u00e9e dans la tradition tolt\u00e8que par des serpents \u00e0 plumes. Un peu plus loin, vous atteindrez le groupe des Mille Colonnes, qui comprend le temple des Guerriers. Les tr\u00e8s nombreux piliers qui font face \u00e0 ce dernier donnent leur nom \u00e0 ce complexe; ils soutenaient autrefois le toit du temple, qui s’est effondr\u00e9 depuis. Tout pr\u00e8s, vous apercevrez les vestiges de ce qui pouvait \u00eatre une sorte de sauna, comportant un four souterrain et des conduites d’eau.<\/div>\n
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Vers l’extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 du site, vous verrez la Casa de las monjas, qui aurait vraisemblablement \u00e9t\u00e9 un palais royal, bien que ses nombreuses salles aient d’abord fait croire aux premiers visiteurs espagnols qu’il s’agissait d’un couvent. Cet \u00e9difice \u00e9norme, ainsi que son annexe, affichent des tableaux sculpt\u00e9s \u00e0 l’image d’animaux, de fleurs et de masques humains. \u00c0 gauche se dressent La Iglesia, o\u00f9 vous verrez des animaux sculpt\u00e9s dans la partie sup\u00e9rieure de la fa\u00e7ade, et Aka-Dzib, tenu pour l’\u00e9difice le plus ancien que l’on ait jamais mis au jour sur ce site; on n’a jamais r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 interpr\u00e9ter certains des hi\u00e9roglyphes trouv\u00e9s ici.<\/div>\n
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Plan du site arch\u00e9ologique de Chichen Itza<\/a><\/div>\n

Pr\u00e9parez votre voyage \u00e0 Chichen Itza:<\/h3>\n
Agences de voyage g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes et discounteurs<\/a><\/div>\n
Tours Op\u00e9rateurs sp\u00e9cialistes du Mexique<\/a><\/div>\n
R\u00e9servez votre billet d’avion<\/a><\/div>\n
R\u00e9servez votre h\u00f4tel \u00e0 Chichen Itza<\/a> <\/div>\n
Location de voiture<\/a><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Les ruines de Chich\u00e9n ltz\u00e1 illustrent la gloire et la majest\u00e9 de l’une des plus imposantes cit\u00e9s construites par […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":312,"parent":2308,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-314","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nCHICHEN ITZA - 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